Cylinder-grinder.



H. KAETKER.

CYLINDER GRINDER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 14. 19,17.

Patented Apr. 23,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

H. KAETKER.

CYLINDER GHINDER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY |4. 1911.

Patented Apr. 23, 1918 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

iiii

HENRY KAETKER, 0F CNCINNATL OHIO.

CYLJINDER-GRINDER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 3, wie..

Application led Mayhlt, 1917. Serial No. 168,341.

To all 'whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that ll, HNRY KAETKER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinder-Grinders, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ,of this specification.

My invention relates to internal cylinder grinders in particular and any abrasive or cutting machine in general.

The grinding of cylinders is an extremely important field' in the gas engine art and constitutes one of the most diflicult operations to gain erfection of work with any suficient spee rlhe type of grindin machines which gain the greatest spee for this kind of work are ones in which a grinding tool is given simultaneously a rotating, a revolving and a feeding movement. The grinder while being very rapidly revolved, is advanced into a cylinder and at the same time the helder for the tool is caused to revolve about the axis of the cylindrical surface to be ground..

Y It is this type of machine to which my invention is applied, and the principles o operation developed in this `invention can be readily seen to have valuable applicationto other branches of metalmachining work, as well be hereinafter developed.

'llhe great diiiiculty in the use of such machines has been that the perfect placing of the work and adjusting of the grinding tool with relation to it has been troublesome to accomplish. Also it has been very difiicult to avoid the tendency of the machine to sway or vibrate out of true line with the axis of the work.)

'llherehas also been found a troublesome feature in continuously grindin an internal cylinder, in that the fine partie es of metal 'accumulate in the lower side of the work proper operation of the when in line with the pull of gravity. lBy this means it is possible to set the work in place on a table with the grinder wheel entirely out of the way below it, and to clamp the work down on the table. rlhe grindings from the Work fall out of the way of the grinderwheel since they are free to drop down out of the cylinder.

I also find that with the 'grinder machine working upwardly, it is simple to automatically center and adjust the grinder wheel by using a steel wheel and rolling it around inside of the work by hand.

It is again the object to provide for independent and separate operation for the three sorts of movements of the grinder wheel by means of causing the revolution by acting von an outer member, the feeding upwardly by acting on a member within it, and finally the rotation of the tool b a third member inside of the feeding member. ln this way, it is possible to obtain the greatest steadiness to the operations and at the same time'gives much longer life to the machine by avoiding unnecessary wear in forcing one part to take two. sorts of motion.

The above objects and other advantages to be noted, li accomplish by that certain construction and .arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more specifically pointed out and claimed.

lln the drawings,

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of the device, the same being partly in elevation so as to show the apparatus for revolving the grinder shaft.

Fig. 2 is a detail elevation of the worm and gears for feeding the vertically moving sleeve;

Fig. 3 is a-detail elevation of the upper end of the machine, taken at right angles to Fig. 1 and partly broken away.

Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the feeding device.

Fig.' 5 is a plan view of the lower sliding plate.

Fig. 6 is a detail in plan of the device for transmitting motion to the grinder shaft.

l represents the framework of the device which supports a bed 2 for the work. The work support comprises a plate 3 which is slidably guided and held in the bed by means of the flanges or plates 4C, 5, at each side of the bed. 'lhe work support of the table may be fed along the bed of the machine by means of a hand wheel 6 mounted on a bracket 7 on the machine bed, with the shaft of the hand wheel equipped with a worm 9. The worm meshes with some sort of gear 10 secured to the table and traveling on a lixed screw 10, so that the revolving of the worm and gear will feed the screw along the bed, and with it the table.

No particular means is shown of holding the work down to the table other than the usual clamping lingers 11, but so far as I am informed these will fully serve the purposeof holding the edge around the cylinder opening of the work 11EL face down to the table. The table has a suihcient cut away portion 12 to permit the grinding .wheel to pass through the table and up into the work. With the worm and screw feed for the Work table it can be readily appreciated that some sort of indicating scale along the sides of the bed and the table will permit the workman to position his work with great exactness.

There will be described an outer hollow shaft or bushing A, which isto be continuously revolved to give the proper travel to the grinding wheel around the walls of the internal cylinder to be ground. Inside of the bushing A is the bushing B, which is set olf center of the bushing A and is adapted to be revolved within it. Inside of the bushing B and set eccentric to it is the sleeve C which is designed to be continuously v moved up into and down out of the work,

while inside of the sleeve C is the grinder shaft D which is constantly revolved to rotate the grinder wheel.

The bushing A is provided with a conical bearing 13 at the upper end to take up the upward thrust toward the work, and is held at the base in a cross member 14 of the frame in any desired manner. In this instance above the base of the bushing 'A there is mounted around this bushing a gear 15 which meshes with a worm 16. The shaft 17 of the worm 16 is suitably journaled in the cross piece of the frame and has mounted on its outer end the pulleys 18 of usual type,.whereby the shaft, worm and gear will be driven continuously,

The bushing B is journaled in the ends of the bushing 'A since it is not thought necessary to'increase the weight of bushing .A

bymaking it solid, as the cored out structure shown seems suiicient. The bushing B is set as far oil center as practical in the bushing A and is adapted to be revolved therein by a hand wheel 19, whose shaft 20 is journaled in the inwardly extending portion 21 of the large bushing A. This shaft carries a worm'22 which meshes with a gear 23 on the inner bushing B. By turning the hand wheel the bushing B will be revolved around in the bushing A, and the drive being a worm drive the two bushings Will maintain their relatively adjusted positions without any further lock than the well known self-locking feature of the worm. The bushing B is supported within the bushing A, mainly by the gear 23 above menltioned, which seats in a suitable channel in the inwardly extending portion 21 of the bushing A whichy also supports the adjusting worm. The bushing B is entirely contained within the bushing A and serves the sole purpose of adjusting the position of the bushing C with regard to the center of rotation of the large outer bushing.

The sleeve C, which it was noted served to advance the grinder wheel to the work, has conical bearings 24, 24, at each end of the bushing B, the same being adjustable by means of the screw caps 25, 25, which hold the conical portions in place. These conical bearings may be made up in two parts and out of bronze metal preferably. The sleeve C is cut with a circular rack 26 for a large part of its considerable length.

A plate 27 is provided which is slidably mounted on the cross members 28 of the frame. This plate slides transversely of the machine and has a slot 29 for permitting the sleeve C to move longitudinally. The plate has undercut guides 30 at the sides longitudinal of the machine, and in them slides the plate 31. The sleeve C passes snugly through the plate 31, and the result of the above sliding plate device is that the plate 31 will move around in a circle with the sleeve C, when it is thrown eccentric to the outer bushing A.

The plate 31 is accordingly provided as a mounting for the pinions which operate on the rack 26 of the sleeve C. There are preferably two spur gears 32, slightly concaved to fit the sleeve C, giving more working surface and strength, one gear on each side of the sleeve C, with their stub shafts4 33 journaled in bosses 34 on the plate 31. The stub shafts have worm gears 35 on their ends, one right hand and one left, which mesh with worms 36 on a shaft 37. By driving the shaft 37, there will be applied a steady balanced reciprocal movement to the sleeve C. This drive, as adapted from metal working machinery, comprises the shaft 38, run from a pulley 39, said pulley being positioned to receive power from the same source as the pulleys 18.

The shaft 38 through a worm and gear operates the ldouble universal and sliding Joint driving member 40, which is a forni of liexibledrive well known in the art. This drive permits the revolving of the driven shaft 37 in a circle so as to follow the sleeve C.

As so far described, it can be seen that the sleeve C may be revolved continuously from the pulleys 18, and caused to reciprocate or move up or down by 'the pulley 39.

recante 'The two drives are independent except as to their source of power and the means utilized in revolving the sleeve is relieved from the strain of causing the reciprocation thereof. This drive for the sleeve is of such strength, being from' two independent and non-interfering sources, that it is intended that the machine be used for other purposes than grinding. While a grinding device isdescribed herein, it is not intended that this be the sole usefulness of the machine.

The grinding wheel 41 in the machine shown, is mounted on the upper end of the shaft D, the inner membenof the set of members A, B, C, D. The upper endof the shaft D is provided with a conical bronze bearing 43. rThe shaft lies in the center of thesleeve C, so that'the rapid revolution of the shaft does not interfere with the.

steady upward feed of the bushing, and has a natural tendency to hold a perfectly true and non-chattering course. The long journal formed by the sleeve (l can be readily understood to hold the shaft absolutely true. For a thrust bearing for the shaft D. l provide the ball bearing 42 located in the base of the sleeve C, in any desired manner. It should be noted that this structure entirely removes the thrust bearing from chance of being blocked by cuttings from the work.

Driven from a pulley 44 is a friction gear 45. vertical shaft 47. A pulley '48 is operated by the shaft 47, and is revolubly carried by an angle frame 49.

The frame 49 is slidablev and rotatable on the shaft, and has a collar portion 50 which engages around the sleeve C. lln the arm of the frame having the collar 50 is a wide slot 51, which engages over a sleeve52 on the shaft 47 rlhe sleeve 52 is keyed to the shaft 47, and has a lock nut 53 on the upper side of the frame 49, a Hanged portion 54 beneath the frame, and at the extension beneath the frame it fiXedly carries the pulley 48. rlhe belt 57 from the pulley 48 passes over the pulley 55 on the end of the' grinder shaft, and also passes over a pulley 56 held on the other arm of the angle frame.

The results of Ythe above construction are that the pulley 4S will drive the pulley 55.

The frame will be drawn up with the sleeve C and will slid'- up the shaft 47. The sleeve 52 and the pulley 48 will move with the frame and revolve with the shaft. rlFhe frame will slide over the sleeve because of the slot 51 and will swing on the sleeve and bushing sufficiently to permit the pulley 55 to rotate in a circle with the bushing and still be driven. The additional pulley 56 serves to keep the belt 57 taut at all times. This pulley may be made adjustable if desired.

lf desired, the frame of the machine may be provided with a sheet metal cover 60 ylieved, been p made clear.

This gear operates a gear 46 on thev (Fig. 3) .to save the parts of the mechanism from exposure, although this is non-essential. For positioning the grinder for a vgiven piece of work, the grinder wheel is replacedwith a steel disk of the same diameter, thevwork loosely clamped to the table and moved to the desired position over the disk. rll`he sleeve is then moved up, by twirling the proper pulley by hand. until the steel disk lies inside the worfk.` An approximate adjustment is given the bushing B, by means of the handwheel for that purpose, and the bushing A then revolved so that the steel disk rolls around in the work. The hand wheel 19- is then adjusted. and the work'adjusted so that it is absolutely centered with the motion of-the shaft.

The work can be left .slightly loose so that this adjustment can be made, since there is no danger of the work falling out of place asin case of a support for holding` the work laterally.

'llhe work will then be made fast,l the grinding wheel replaced and the machine started.

rll`he operation of the parts has, it is be- The sleeve C lis driven upwardly, the shaft D driven rotatably and the bushing A driven rotatably. rlhe results ofsuspending the grinding ap paratus and working up into the work has the many advantages which have been pointed out, including that of easily adapting itself to rolling the work into place, doing away with chips falling into the work, and avoiding vibration and chattering due to the working of the parts 'out of ,position due to the pull of gravity.

As stated, the essential feature of the device is not of limited value to grinders only, but also to various forms of mills and cutters. Neither is it believed that the exact construction of parts is. essential to the grinder described, since the substitution of equivalents should be included in the scopeof the invention, of which one exempliiicap the combination with a support, of a hxed' rotary member journaled in said support,

a hollow shaft carried within the rotary member eccentrically and slidably, a circular rack on the hollow shaft, and means enga ing opposite sides ofthe rack simultaneousy 'i 8. In a machine ofthe character described, .the combination -with a tool adapted to be to feed the shaft lengthwise, saidshaft being adapted for supporting la working tool.

3. An internal grinder comprising a support, means on the upper side of the support for retaining the work in a fixed position, a revoluble operating tool, operating means for said tool mounted in fixed position'in the support, said means being adapted to feed the tool upward into the work, and impart revolution thereto.

4. An internal grinder comprising a frame, a work supporting table on the frame, an opening in said table for the passage of an operating tool, operating means for the tool mounted in the frame beneath the table, said operating means being adapted to impart revolution to the tool and perpendicular movement thereto to cause it to pass up through the table into the work.

5. In a machine ofthe character described, a tool element, an operating element, and a support, means on the support for xedly mounting the work, 4and means thereon for fiXedlymounting the operating element with relation to the work, said operating element lbeing adapted to feed the tool element perpendicularly upwardly into the work, and Y revolve Athe same. i

6. An internal grinder comprising a support, means on the upper side of the support for retaining the work in a fixed position, a revoluble operating tool, operating means for said tool mounted in fixed position in the support, said means beingadapted to feed the tool upward into the work, and impart revolution and planetary motion thereto.

, support, a tool,- and means mounted fixedly in the support for imparting revolution, upward movement and planetary movement to the tool, causing it to pass up through the table into the work.

rotated, revolved and fed upwardly, of a work support` adapted to retain al cylinder to be worked upon with its face downwardly to the tool, said support adapted to be adjusted to bring the work to the desired position after the same has been made fast thereto.

9. In a device of the character described, means for imparting reciprocatory movement to a shaft which has a circular movement imparted from another source, comprising rack teeth on the shaft, spur gears in mesh with the rack on opposite sides of the shaft having concaved faces to lit the shaft, a support for said spur gears movable with the shaft, and means for driving said gears simultaneously.

10. In a device of the character described, means for imparting reciprocatory movement to a shaft which has a circular movement imparted from another source, c0111- prising rack teeth on the shaft, spur gears in mesh with the rack on opposite sides of the shaft, a plate member for supporting the gears, said plate held so as to move with the shaft, an under plate slidably supportiver the plate member, and having a slot for the shaft, and means for slidably mounting the under plate, said spur gears having a come mon driving means.

11. In a device of the character speciied, a circularly moving sleeve, a shaft therein,

and means for revolving the shaft comprising a drive shaft, a pulley device, an angle frame slida'bly mounted on the pulley device, and journaled to the sleeve, a pulley on the shaft, a compensating ulley on the angle frame, and a lbelt over t 1e shaft pulley, the drive shaft pulley and the compensating pulley.

12.111 a device of the character specified, a circularly moving sleeve, a shaft therein, and means for revolving the shaft comprising a drive shaft, a pulley device, an angle frame slidably mounted on the pulley device, and journaled to the sleeve, a pulley on the shaft, a compensating pulley on thc angle frame, and a belt over the shaft pulley, the drive shaft pulley and the vcompensating pulley, said pulley on the drive shaft belng keyed so as to slide thereon to permit of reciprocatory as well as circular motion of the sleeve.

HENRY KAE'IKER. 

